Experiment "Spacemed-SA"
Investigation
of individual features of organism functioning under effect of the extreme
factors complex at space flight.
General
information.
The
given complex experiment assumes deriving information on biomedical researches
indicated below:
- Experiment "Pharma"
- Experiment "Sprut-MBI"
- Experiment "Biotest"
- Experiment "Cardiostress".
Experiment "Pharma"
Research
of a pharmacological kinetics under conditions of space flight.
Purpose of experiment
Deriving
of information about features of suction, distribution and selection of a
pharmacological preparation by a research of its contents in a saliva and
capillary blood.
Tasks
- Determination of a level and degree of interpretability of a pharmacological
kinetics and pharmacological dynamics modifications of medicinal means on the
human organism in conditions of the space flight factors influence;
- Determination of the factors priority, defining degree of violation of a
pharmacological kinetics and pharmacological dynamics of medicinal means in
conditions of space flight.
Equipment to be used.
- "Saliva-F"
kit, "Reflotron-4".nominal/service equipment
-
Composition of the equipment.
"Saliva-F" kit:
A
cover with valves, in which the pharmacological preparations and eight test
tubes for sampling saliva are stacked.
Principle
of use of kit:
- Initials of an inspected cosmonaut and date of the experiment realization mark
the kit;
- Test
tubes have marks in the correspondence in due course of saliva sampling (10
minutes, 20 minutes, 30 minutes, 45 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours).
Equipment Specifications
Mass of
kit: 0,25 kgs.
Size: 113x82x61mm
"Reflotron-4" equipment
- "Reflotron-4" analyzer;
- "Reflotron-4" kit;
- Package of measuring slices (plates).
Assignment
biochemical researches of integral blood by a method of dry chemistry.
Purpose
analysis of blood parameters in correspondence with the program of experiment.
Work of crew with equipment.
Employment of cosmonauts.
Cosmonaut
carries out the experiment independently. Total time is necessary for research -
160 min. The cosmonaut consumes of pharmacological preparation, then conducts
sampling of saliva and blood. The chemical analysis of blood is carried out by
cosmonaut onboard the service module, and the tests of saliva return to the
Earth for the laboratory analysis.
Condition of the experiment realization.
2 days prior to fulfillment of measurements it is necessary to exclude consumption
of all pharmacological means, including vitamin preparations. The consumption of
preparation, first inspection on "Reflotron-4" equipment and
performance of the five first tests of saliva is carried out before eating. The
researches are conducted within 6 hours, 8 tests of saliva undertake.
Experiment "Sprut-MBI"
Research of liquid mediums behavior of human organism under
conditions of space flight.
Purpose of experiment.
A
measurement of general volume of liquid in an organism, volumes of intracellular
and extracellular liquid, circulating blood and plasma for evaluation of
adaptive mechanisms condition and improvement of measures of preventive
prophylaxis of unfavorable effect of microgravity.
Tasks
- Determination intra- and intercellular liquid, general
liquid of body, circulating blood and plasma in comparison to data on mass of
body, ratio of cell-like and liquid components of blood.
The equipment to be used
Equipment
set "Sprut-K" nominal equipment: body mass meter (BMM), package
"Gematokrit" (minicentrifuge М-1100),
kit "Reflotron-4", laptop.
Composition of the equipment
- Gear
"Sprut-K"
- Cables
set;
- Cuffs
(for a hand, for a leg);
- Equivalent of the patient,
- Floppy disk with the software.
Purpose of the equipment set:
Determination
of physiological parameters of liquid mediums of cosmonaut by a method of
two-frequent bioimpedancemetry.
Method of measurement.
- Measurement
of liquid volume in various human’s body sections by a method of
impedancemetry on various frequencies for investigation of liquid distribution
in human’s body under microgravity conditions.
- Method
of impedancemetry, i.e. the measurement of reaction resistance rendered alive
tissue to an alternating current, on low frequency reflects a quantity of
intravascular liquid, and impedance in high frequency - intracellular and
intercellular spaces.
Equipment Specification
Mass: 1,6 kgs.
Dimensions: 303х258х55
mm;
Power
consumption: 3 W.
Body
mass meter (BMM)
Composition of the equipment
- BMM
rack;
- BMM kit;
- Interface
adapter;
- Specialized
computer;
- Platform;
- Cables
set.
Assignment of the equipment:
Body
mass and small masses measurement under microgravity conditions with digital
indication of outcomes.
Principle of operation.
Measurement
of period of system free oscillations.
Performances of equipment:
Measured
masses range: 50-100 kgs;
Power
consumption: 50 W.
Package
"Hematokrit".
Composition of the equipment:
- Minicentrifuge
М-1100;
- Magnifier;
- Nipper;
- Brush;
- Package
of batteries.
Assignment of the equipment:
Measurement
of hematokritic number in blood of cosmonaut by mechanical separation of
structural elements and plasma of blood by centrifuging of blood in
microcapillary tubes.
Method of research:
Simultaneous processing of an even amount of microcapillary tubes located
opposite one another and symmetrically.
Work of crew with the equipment.
Employment of cosmonauts.
It is
desirable to conduct two sessions of experiment: on 4th and 7th day of flight.
Duration of experiment is 1 hour. The participation of the assisting crewmember
during 40 min is required.
Conditions of experiment realization.
The
experiment is carried out at the morning on an empty stomach. It is necessary at
the day of experiment to conduct an inspection using regular methods МО-8
(body mass measurement) - 15 min, MO-10
(analysis of hematokrit in blood) - 30 min.
Experiment "Biotest"
Evaluation
of biochemical mechanisms of adaptation of substances exchange at cosmonauts
under space flight conditions.
Purpose of experiment
Research
of biochemical regulation features and role of hormone mechanisms in changes of
human’s organism conditions.
Tasks
- Research
of features of homeostasis biochemical regulation (constancy of internal medium)
of human’s organism at adaptation to conditions of space flight;
- Research
of a role of hormone mechanisms in changing of aqueous-salt, lipidous and
albuminous exchange under conditions of space flight.
Used equipment.
"Plasma-03"
complex, "Hematokrit" package, "Reflotron-4" kit, r
"Cryogem-03/1" refrigerator.
Composition of the equipment.
- "Plasma-03"
complex
- "Plasma-03"
centrifuge,
- Returned
heat-insulating container КВ-03,
- Tools
set "Plasma-03",
- Package
of spent materials.
Assignment of the equipment:
Support
of operation on taking samples of blood.
Performances
of the equipment:
Mass
(total): 10 kgs;
Power consumption: 150 W.
Refrigerator
"Cryogem-03/1"
- Assignment: storage of the taken samples of blood in the frozen condition onboard the
service module.
- Returned
heat-insulating container MO-
-03 (with the accumulator of cold), from structure "Plasma-03",
is intended for preservation of blood samples at stage of return in the capsule.
- Assignment
of "Hematokrit" package, "Reflotron-4" kit, see in
the descriptions of space experiments "Pharma" and "Sprut-MBI".
Work of crew with the equipment.
Employment of cosmonauts.
Duration
of session for inspected cosmonaut is 2 hours, and 20 mines to the assisting
crewmember for taking of blood samples from vein.
Condition of experiment realization.
For
Hematokrit determination the puncturing of finger is carried out. The sample of
blood is located to microcapillary and centrifugalize on a minicentrifuge М1100.
Then the sample of blood from vein takes - 2 syringes per 9 ml. Blood is treated
in «Plasma-03» centrifuge and is frozen in «Cryogem-03» refrigerator up to
-20˚С. The
frozen samples of blood return to the Earth in the heat-insulating container КВ-03
and are treated under laboratory conditions. All works, except for a taking of
blood from vein, the inspected cosmonaut conducts without assistance.
Experiment "Cardiostress"
Research of individual features of cordial activity under
effect of a complex of the extreme factors.
Purpose of experiment
Data
retrieval about a condition and behavior of human’s cardiovascular system in
stress situation - on initial stage of space flight.
Used equipment
Cardioregistrator
90205.
Composition of the equipment:
"Cardioregistrator
90205” kit,
"Set
of tools "Cardioregistrator 90205" kit.
Assignment of equipment
Recording
of dynamic electrocardiogram for two assignments within day.
Work of crew with the equipment.
Employment of cosmonauts.
During
experiment the daily registration of electrocardiogram of the inspected
crewmember with recording on compact tape cassette is carried out. Assisting
crewmember helps an inspected cosmonaut to paste electrodes and to activate a
gear.
Each
session of experiment needs time on preparatory operations (installation of
electrodes, connection of a gear) - 20 min and closeout operations - 20 min.
It is
offered to conduct 2 sessions of experiment - on a stage of autonomous flight at
once after orbital injection and removal of environmental suite and for 3 day of
flight.
Conditions of experiment realization.
As
"Cardioregistrator 90205" represents autonomous carried gear for
registration of electrocardiogram in two assignments, the registration the ECG
is carried out automatically within day.
|
|